Fractional thermolysis (fraxel) is a method of laser "rejuvenation" of the face and body, which helps to cope with age-related and stressful skin problems.
This procedure is almost as effective as surgical braces, and after thermolysis, skin cells begin to produce collagen and elastin as actively as in youth, ie beneficial changes occur not only in the outer epidermis, but in several layers at once.
The procedure is very effective, but also traumatic. This can only be done in specialized clinics.
What is it - fractional photothermolysis, what is the essence and effectiveness of the method, indications and contraindications for procedures on the face and body using fractional technology, before and after photographs, results and feedback on the laser procedure, estimated prices and what devices? use - we will try to tell you all this more.
General Information
Thermolysis refers to the process of structural destruction of tissues under the influence of high temperatures. The concept was created and mediated by doctors, and then put into use by cosmetologists.
And photothermolysis is also a process of thermolysis, but it occurs as a result of exposure to light energy. It is used in cosmetology for photoepilation and laser "renewal" of scars and scars.
Fractional photothermolysis is a technique in which photothermolysis affects only individual areas of the skin, not the entire surface. This means that by heating the tissues with the help of laser (light) energy, we can talk about their focal destruction.
The essence of the procedure and other names
The fractional photothermolysis procedure is classified as a method of negative skin stimulation because a certain type of injury is applied during the session, in this case burns.
To achieve the expected cosmetic result, it is necessary to begin the process of regeneration of the skin after injury.
This type of thermal burn looks like a "column" formed in the thickness of the dermis under the targeted action of laser beams. In cosmetology, this "column" is called the "microscopic treatment zone" or abbreviated - MLZ.
In diameter, they can not reach more than one tenth of a millimeter: between about 0, 1 and 0, 4 mm, penetration depth up to 0. 5 mm. Depending on the type of procedure chosen, up to several thousand such microtraumas can be located per square centimeter of surface, and the impact rate is 3000 MLZ / sec.
If we analyze the mechanism of action of fractional photothermolysis, it is similar to mesoscooter therapy, but when using a roller, microdamages are applied mechanically using needles.
The concept of fractional thermolysis in the practice of cosmetology has several frequently used synonyms:
- dermal optical thermolysis;
- DOT therapy;
- fraction laser "polishing";
- LAFT rejuvenation;
- fractional laser nanoperforation;
Ablative and non-ablative method
Laser ablation is the evaporation of a substance using a laser pulse. When using ablative fraction photothermolysis, select the type of laser radiation whose energy is mainly absorbed by water molecules.
During short-term exposure to a localized area, the laser beam almost immediately heats the water in the tissues to 30 ° C. As a result, the entire "column" evaporates and is replaced by an open microscopic wound surrounded by layers of thermally coagulated cells.
Recovery after ablative photothermolysis will be slower and longer than with the non-ablative method.
But the results of the procedure will be better objectively and the lifting effect will be clearer. It is good to use a course of 2 to 6 sessions. However, during such procedures, the patient is exposed to a certain risk of infection of the tissues in the deep dermal layers.
Non-ablative fraction thermolysis can be attributed to milder microtrauma methods. A laser beam is used, which practically does not damage the epidermis, causing burns under it.
Destroyed tissue does not evaporate, but remains inside the "column", naturally there are no open wounds. Lifting is not as clear as in the first ablative method, because the products of cell decay are not removed during the procedure, ie there is no effect of "stretching" the skin.
It is recommended to use 3 to 10 courses. There is practically no risk of infection of the deep dermal layer for the patient, as there is no violation of the integrity of the surface.
Tips, impact
The instructions for determining the procedure using Fraxel technology may be as follows:
- the need to stimulate pale and aged skin;
- treatment of pigmented / depigmented lesions;
- to get rid of scars, acne and small scars;
- the need to eliminate stretch marks.
Not suitable for getting rid of keloid formations.
Advantages
How is this method different from the classic "polishing" method with a laser? With the traditional approach, the burn affects a large area, and when exposed to the fraction, it is localized and has a dot character.
There are whole skin cavities between the burns, which makes photothermolysis less traumatic and speeds up the healing process.
The method is suitable for the treatment of any part of the body, but in most cases it is used specifically for the face. When using Fraxel technology, a cosmetologist can even work on the skin of the eyelids.
One of the features of this optical thermolysis of the dermis is the innovative design of the DOT device itself, which prevents the lack of skin areas or overlap of one zone with another.
Mechanism of action
At the initial consultation, the cosmetologist identifies the goals that the client wants to achieve, identifies possible contraindications to the procedure, talks about the possible results and their compliance with the client's expectations.
The doctor will no doubt determine the risks and development of postoperative complications, as well as how to care for the skin after a course of photothermolysis.
It is necessary to discuss in advance and choose the appropriate method to relieve pain, and if any, the client must inform about allergic reactions to medications.
A few hours before the session, a superficial exfoliation is performed to equalize the thickness of the stratum corneum of the skin.
During the operation, the patient may experience moderate pain and discomfort. Their severity in no way depends on the model of the device used. The level of pain is based on the depth and intensity of the laser beam, and these parameters are determined by the specialist himself, focusing on therapeutic purposes.
The more indifferent the problem is, the deeper layers need to be affected.
However, conventional creams that have an anesthetic effect are usually used as an anesthetic, which is applied to the work area a maximum of 40 minutes before the start of the session.
During the session, the cosmetologist moves a nozzle over the surface that emits the targeted laser beam. If such a need arises, then the same area is repeatedly treated within the same procedure.
Duration is from 15 minutes to 1 hour. It all depends on how well the skin is treated. After fractional photothermolysis, a soothing cream is applied to the "polished" surface.
To achieve the desired result, you need to conduct several courses of procedures - from 3 to 10, depending on the type of exposure. You can have a session once a month.
Recommendations (training and rehabilitation)
A few days before the planned procedure, the patient should begin a prophylactic course of antibiotics and antiviral agents. Of course, if there is objective evidence for this.
On the day of fractional photothermolysis, a person should stay away from alcohol and completely refrain from any sports.
The recovery process after a non-ablative photothermolysis procedure lasts up to three days, after the type of ablation - at least a week.
If the "polishing" is based on ablation, then in a few more days the patient will experience redness, swelling, burning sensation and discomfort.
After consulting a specialist, you can apply cooling compresses or topical analgesics, which are available in the form of sprays.
After at least three days, the color of the "polished" dermis may change slightly. For example, it may have been falsely inoculated in the past due to increased decomposition of pigmented residues from necrotic cells.
Dryness will appear, peeling will begin, and a person may experience some itching even for a short time. All these manifestations are not dangerous and will go away on their own in about a week. Itching of the skin is strictly prohibited!
Here are a few basic tips you can follow to make rehabilitation after Fraxel easier:
- you should take care of your skin and apply the recommended external products. In most cases, these are medications prescribed to treat thermal burns and moisturizing sprays;
- the crust formed on the surface during wound healing should not be removed artificially, only a natural fall;
- if the patient takes antimicrobial and antiviral drugs before the procedure, their course should be continued in accordance with the instructions;
- Treated skin should be isolated from direct sunlight for at least one month to prevent the development of hyperpigmentation. Usually use sunscreens with SPF 40+;
- It is forbidden to use scrubs and other mechanical methods to clean the skin during the entire recovery period.
Possible side effects and complications
Although fractional photothermolysis is one of the most modern and safe methods, it also has a number of side effects:
- development of bacterial infection, streptoderma or staphyloderma;
- erythema lasting more than three days;
- edema lasting more than two days on the surface of the treated skin;
- hyperpigmentation in the post-inflammatory period;
- appearance of burn blisters, erosive cracks;
- HSV1 or exacerbation of acne;
- microscopic bleeding under the skin.
Contraindications (general and local)
Fractional photothermolysis is not performed with the following general contraindications:
- oncological tumors;
- duration of breastfeeding;
- HSV1 and HSV2 in the acute phase;
- infectious diseases;
- chronic diseases in the manifestation stage;
- all types of diabetes;
- defects and deficiencies of the cardiovascular system;
- disorders of the hematopoietic system, poor blood clotting;
- presence of autoimmune diseases;
- tendency to keloid-type deep scars;
- status epilepticus or convulsive syndrome;
- mental disorders;
- taking isotretinoin for six months;
- a recent visit to the tanning or solarium.
And the following local contraindications:
- all localized inflammatory processes in the intended area of work;
- violation of the integrity of the skin;
- any neoplasm of unknown origin;
- dry skin cleansing or any other procedure that may damage the skin.
Where and on what devices it is carried out, approximate prices
The cost of a fractional procedure depends on the area being treated, so the estimated values for laser renewal of the fraction vary.
Only qualified specialists can conduct photothermolysis sessions in a cosmetology hospital.
Devices with CO2 or erbium lasers are used for the Fraxel rejuvenation procedure itself. Ordinary beauty salons often do not have the necessary equipment or trained staff.
The use of lasers for cosmetic purposes is still controversial. But in any case, laser-based procedures are the most popular, effective and safe.
Reviews
We invite you to read a few reviews about facial laser skin rejuvenation:
- First look: "I am 35 years old. 2 sessions went for fractional photothermolysis. The second visit took place 30 days after the first visit. The only thing I did was peel after the second visit. But after three days it disappeared without a trace. Now I look in the mirror and enjoy my face. "
- Second review: "I want to tell you my impressions about this method because I felt a positive result. After three procedures, I saw grapes turn white, pigment spots in some parts of the face shine, scars begin to appear less noticeably, the skin tightens. These changes are not sudden. It happened gradually. After about 4 months, I started to look 5-6 years younger than my age. I advise everyone who takes care of himself to try these wonderful things.
- Third review: "I was very scared of such procedures, believing that they have more undesirable consequences than their positive aspects. But when the first wrinkles appeared, the idea of" magic skin transformation "began to visit my head more often. So I decided to have a photothermolysis session. There were some painful but tolerable feelings in the process. After a while, happy faces began to appear: wrinkles around the eyes smoothed, the skin became clearer, the contours tightened. In general, I liked the effect. If necessary, I will use this procedure again.
- Fourth review: "I consider this method invaluable for any woman who wants to stay young and attractive. I discovered something new for myself and was extremely satisfied. There are many positive moments and all reflected on my face: fine wrinkles and pigmentation gone, skinIt is not so pale, there are fewer inflammations and, most importantly, I like myself more. I would like to recommend everyone to love themselves, not to skimp on beauty and use effective procedures to protect your youth.